Computer accounts, also known as computer objects, represent devices registered in Active Directory (AD). Once a device joins the domain, its account is stored in the AD database. This enables the application of Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to manage configurations and policies, facilitates update tracking via WSUS if deployed, and-most importantly - establishes secure authentication for users logging into Windows.
To join a workstation to the domain, the device must be on the same network as the domain controllers. However, joining over a VPN is also possible, provided the device can resolve the domain’s name. DHCP can assist by supplying the necessary DNS settings, but alternatively, you can configure domain resolution manually by adding the domain information to the hosts file.
How to Join a Computer to the Domain
There are three different methods to join a computer to a domain - let’s explore how to do this in practice.
Joining the Domain with the GUI
In order to join a Windows server to AD, perform the following steps:
Rightclick on Start button or press the Start button on your keyboard and the X key simultaneously, and select System. Scroll down till the bottom and click on “System Info”. After that click on “Change settings” next to Computer name, and in appeared window click Change…
In Domain changes window type the DNS domain name under “Member of Domain” and click OK. Enter domain admin credentials, and click OK three times.
Click Close and then Restart Now. Congratulations, your workstation has joined the domain!
Joining Domain Using Windows PowerShell
The easiest way to add a Windows-based device to an Active Directory is Powershell and Add-Computer cmdlet:
Restart-Computer
How to Rename a Computer Account
Renaming a computer is pretty easy task to accomplish, it can be done three different ways.
Renaming Computer in the Settings
In Windows Server it can be done similar to joining into the domain but this time we will do it a little bit differently.
Rightclick on Start button or press the Start button on your keyboard and the X key simultaneously, and select System. Click on Rename this PC and enter new name for your device according to your naming policy.
Click Next, enter your domain admin credentials if your computer is already inside the domain and then restart your server. You will have a server with new name after the restart.
Renaming Computer in the Cmd.exe
Renaming computer in command prompt is an easy task, just type in the following code on the target computer:
Renaming Computer with Windows PowerShell
Windows PowerShell allows to rename a computer in seconds by typing two short commands on a target machine:
Restart-Computer
Conclusion
Managing computer accounts in Active Directory is a fundamental task for maintaining a secure and well-organized IT environment. By joining devices to the domain, you enable centralized management through Group Policy, streamline update deployment with WSUS, and ensure secure user authentication. Whether you use the GUI, PowerShell, or command-line tools, joining and renaming computers in AD can be done efficiently and flexibly to fit your workflow. Mastering these techniques helps keep your network consistent, secure, and easy to manage.
FAQ
- Q: Can I join a computer to the domain if it is not physically on the local network?
A: Yes, joining over VPN is possible as long as the client can resolve the domain name and communicate with the domain controllers. - Q: What permissions do I need to join a computer to the domain?
A: You typically need domain administrator credentials or delegated permissions that allow adding computers to the domain. - Q: Will renaming a computer affect its domain membership?
A: No, renaming a computer does not remove it from the domain, but the new name should be updated in Active Directory to avoid conflicts. - Q: Can I automate joining multiple computers to the domain?
A: Yes, using PowerShell scripts with Add-Computer cmdlet or other deployment tools can automate the process for many machines. - Q: What should I do if the computer cannot find the domain during the join process?
A: Ensure DNS settings are correct, the device can reach the domain controllers, and that the domain name resolves properly. Adjust hosts file or network settings if needed.